Diabetes Syndromes

What is Diabetic Ketoacidosis Ketoacidosis results from a lack of insulin. In practice it is usually due to: stopping insulin or reducing the dose either in error or deliberately, resistance to insulin during infections or other intercurrent illness, the unrecognised onset of Type 1 diabetes. The clinical onset of ketoacidosis occurs over hours or days.

What are type 1 diabetes Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS) is a disease of multifactorial autoimmune causation.Worldwide, there is a marked geographic variation in prevalence. The overall lifetime risk in Caucasian subjects is approximately 0–4%. Type 1 DIABETES MELLITUS is caused by an interaction between environmental factors and an inherited genetic predisposition. In twin

  Lipodystrophic Syndromes Lipodystrophic syndromes are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by the absence of an adipose tissue as well as an extreme insulin-resistant state in most cases. The clinical diagnosis can be made based on the physical exam, certain metabolic abnormalities (fasting insulin level over 30 μU/mL, fasting triglycerides level >200 mg/dL, presence

General clinical manifestations of these syndromes can be classified into two main categories: features related to deficiency of insulin action and those secondary to the effects of high levels of insulin in some relatively insulin-sensitive tissues (Table 17.2).

Significant progress has been made in our understanding of the molecular basis underlying the syndromes of extreme insulin resistance. Some of these diseases are due to genetic defects or mutations in the insulin receptor gene, as seen in the type A syndrome, leprechaunism as well as in the Rabson–Mendenhall syndrome, while circulating antibodies against the